Pumps in the Gas and Oil Industry Adapted from Information by DAE Pumps Pumps are necessary components inside an oil drilling rig. They’re designed to accelerate fluid transferring from one location to another. Let’s explore the different types of pumps used by gas and oil operations, their primary function, and the pros and cons of each model. Centrifugal Pump - The most common type of pump in the gas and oil industry is the centrifugal pump. These pumps contain one or more impellers. Fluid is drawn into the suction end of the pump and then, through centrifugal force, it is forced out of the discharge end. This design allows the pumps to be used for a wide range of applications and are preferred for processes handling low-viscosity liquids and high flow rates. Oil Pump- A standard oil pump mechanically lifts liquid out of the well when there isn’t enough ground pressure to force it to the surface. They are used in areas where oil is abundant, but the ground needs help releasing it. Depending on the depth and weight of the oil, these pumps are capable of delivering one to ten gallons of fuel with every stroke, known as a “walking beam.” Positive Displacement Pump - In contrast to centrifugal pumps, positive displacement pumps don’t use impellers to move fluid, but rather, rotating or reciprocating parts to push / transport liquids. This creates pressure, which moves the liquid to its destination. Positive displacement pumps are perfect for higher viscosity liquids transported at a lower flow rates and are not typically used in high-flow situations. These pumps are also more compact, which increases the high-pressure ratio, making them one of the most efficient types of pumps. Although they are affordable and efficient, positive displacement pumps require extensive maintenance, partly due to mechanical part failures. Oil Transfer Pump- An oil transfer pump transfers glycol from the well to a holding tank during refinement. These pumps work by creating a variation in pressure, pushing the fluid from one location to another. Industrial-scale slurry pumps can operate on electric, solar, hydraulic, or gas power. Since the components are built using corrosion-resistant metals capable of withstanding hazardous environmental conditions, transfer pumps are generally used to move flammable or corrosive liquids like oil, gas, or chemicals. The high volume of activity also means they require extensive maintenance and repairs. Diaphragm Pump - A diaphragm pump is a type of positive displacement pump which uses both a valve and a An oil pump in Utah’s Red Rock Desert. G&O DAE Pumps cont’d on page 16. 15 MAY 2021 WorldWide Drilling Resource®
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